{"id":8647,"date":"2014-10-12T22:10:22","date_gmt":"2014-10-12T20:10:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/anhede.se\/?p=8647"},"modified":"2016-11-14T00:54:36","modified_gmt":"2016-11-13T23:54:36","slug":"how-wolves-change-rivers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/anhede.se\/sv\/8647","title":{"rendered":"Hur vargar f\u00f6r\u00e4ndrar vattendrag"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>When wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park in the United States in the mid-1990s, after being absent nearly 70 years, the most remarkable trophic cascade occurred, effecting hundreds of other species.<\/p>\n<p>If you have not seen this video please do, <a title=\"How Wolves Change Rivers\" href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ysa5OBhXz-Q\" target=\"_blank\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ysa5OBhXz-Q<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Trophic cascades occur when predators in a food web suppress the abundance or alter traits (e.g., behavior) of their prey, thereby releasing the next lower trophic level from predation (or herbivory if the intermediate trophic level is a herbivore).<\/p>\n<p>For example, if the abundance of large piscivorous fish is increased in a lake, the abundance of their prey, zooplanktivorous fish, should decrease, large zooplankton abundance should increase, and phytoplankton biomass should decrease. This theory has stimulated new research in many areas of ecology.<\/p>\n<p>Trophic cascades may also be important for understanding the effects of removing top predators from food webs, as humans have done in many places through hunting and fishing activities.<\/p>\n<p>Photos are from Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA, that I visited a few times this summer when working for The Nature Conservancy, J Bar L Ranch, Two Dot Land &amp; Livestock and Yellowstone Grassfed Beef.<\/p>\n<p>In the photos you see a buffalo, a black bear and two wolves eating on a dead buffalo.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>  [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8648,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[356,693],"tags":[1515,1905,838,1901,1899,264,1902,1903,1904,1900,1757,1755,1880],"class_list":["post-8647","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-adventure-photo","category-nature-photo","tag-anhede","tag-floder","tag-montana","tag-rivers","tag-trophic-cascades","tag-usa","tag-varg","tag-vargar","tag-vattendrag","tag-wolfes","tag-wyoming","tag-yellowstone","tag-yellowstone-national-park"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/anhede.se\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8647","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/anhede.se\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/anhede.se\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anhede.se\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anhede.se\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8647"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/anhede.se\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8647\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11730,"href":"https:\/\/anhede.se\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8647\/revisions\/11730"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anhede.se\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8648"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/anhede.se\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8647"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anhede.se\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8647"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anhede.se\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8647"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}